| |
Saffle JR.
The 1942 fire at Boston’s Cocoanut Grove nightclub. Am J Surg 993:166:581-VII.591.
|
| |
Hollingsed TC, Saffle JR,
Barton RG, et al. Etiology and consequences of respiratory failure
in thermally injured patients. Am J Surg 1993:166:592-596. |
| |
Gill JR, Goldfeder LB, Stajic M. The Happy Land homicides: 87 deaths due to
smoke inhalation. J Forensic Sci 2003:48; 161-163. |
| |
Weiss SM, Lakshminaryan S. Acute inhalation injury. Clin Chest Med 1994:15;
10316.
|
| |
Shirani
K, Pruitt B, Mason A. The influence of inhalation injury and
pneumonia on burn mortality. Ann Surg 1986:205; 82-86.
|
| |
Sobel JB,
Goldfarb IW, Slater H, Hammell EJ. Inhalation injury: a decade
without progress. J Burn Care
Rehabil 1992:13; 573-575.
|
| |
Sheridan
R. Specific therapies for inhalation injury. Crit Care Med
2002:30; 718-719.
|
| |
Traber D,
Herndon D. The pathophysiology of inhalation injury. In: Total
Burn Care, editor David Herndon, Saunders, N.Y., N.Y. 2002, p 221.
|
| |
Demling R, Zhu D, LaLonde C. Early pulmonary and hemodynamic effects of a
chest wall burn. Surgery 1988:104; 7-10. |
| |
Rue L, Cioffi W, Mason D, et al. Improved survival of burned patients
with inhalation injury. Arch Surg 1993:128; 772-80. |
| |
Dast F.
Acute toxicology of components of vegetation smoke. Rev Envir
Contam Toxicol 1991:119; 7-46.
|
| |
Morikawa T. Acrolein,
formaldehyde and volatile fatty acids from smoldering combustion. J Combust
Toxicol 1976:3; 135-151.
|
| |
Kales S, Christiani D. Acute Chemical Emergencies. N Engl J Med 2004:350;
800-808.
|
| |
Prantadasi C.
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning. N Engl J Med 2002:121; 969-75.
|
| |
Scheinkestel CD, Bailey M, Myles PS, et al. Hyperbaric or normobaric oxygen for acute carbon monoxide poisoning: a
randomized controlled clinical trial (see commens). Med J Aust
1999:170; 203-210. |
| |
Weaver LK,
Hopkins RO, Chan KJ, et al. Hyperbaric oxygen for acute carbon
monoxide poisoning. N Engl J Med 2002:347; 1057-67.
|
| |
Band F, Barriott P. Elevated blood cyanide concentrations in victims of
smoke inhalation. N Engl J Med
1991:325; 1761-6.
|
| |
Kulig K.
Cyanide antidotes and fire toxicology. N Engl J Med 1991:325;
801-802.
|
| |
Clark W,
Bonaventura M, Meyers W. Smoke inhalation and airway
management at a regional burn unit. J Burn Care Rehabil 1989; 10: 52-62. |
| |
Cahalane M,
Demling R. Early respiratory abnormalities from smoke inhalation.
JAMA
1984:251; 771-773.
|
| |
Fitzpatrick J, Croffi W. Diagnosis and treatment of inhalation
injury in Total Burn Care, ed. Herndon
D, Saunders, N.Y., N.Y. 2002, p 232.
|
| |
Maylan J,
Alexander L. Diagnosis and treatment of inhalation injury. World J
Surgery 1978:2; 185-91.
|
| |
Pereria W, Kovnat D, Snider G. A prospective cooperative study of
complications following flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy. Chest
1978:73; 813-816. |
| |
Ziegler D,
Bent G. Caustic induced upper airway obstruction responsiveness to nebulized adrenaline. Pediatrics 2001:107; 807-815.
|
| |
Demling R, Mazess R, Wolberg W. The effect of immediate and delayed cold
immersion on burn edema formation and reception. J Trauma 1979:19;
56-60. |
| |
Haponik E.
Smoke inhalation injury: some priorities for respiratory care
professionals. Resp Care
1992:37; 69-612.
|
| |
Sexton I, Pronchik D. Chlorine inhalation: the big picture. J Toxicol
Clin Toxicol 1998:37; 87-93.
|
| |
McMullen
M, Hetrick T, Cannon L. Ammonia, nitrogen, nitrogen oxides and
related compounds in: Clinical Management of Poisoning and Drug
Overdose. Haddad L, ed. Saunders, N.Y., N.Y. 1998:978-87.
|
| |
Demling R, LaLonde C. Effect of increasing tidal volumes of smoke breaths on
smoke induced lung dysfunction. J Appl Physiol 1994:76; 283-90.
|
| |
LaLonde C,
Demling R, Brain J. Smoke inhalation injury in sheep is caused by
the particle phase not the gas phase. J Appl Physiol 1994:77;
15-22. |
| |
Youn YK,
LaLonde C, Demling R. Oxidants and the pathophysiology of burn and
smoke inhalation injury. Free Radic Biol Med 1992:12; 409-415.
|
| |
Toer A, Tanashefski J, Kleinerman J. Respiratory tract pathology in
patients with severe burns. Human Pathol 1990:21; 1212-20.
|
| |
LaLonde C,
Ulhas N, Demling R. Plasma catalase and glutathione levels are
decreased in response to inhalation injury. J Burn Care Rehabil
1997:18; 515-519.
|
| |
Demling R,
LaLonda E. Relationship of body burn induced lipid peroxidation on
the degree of injury after smoke inhalation and a body burn.
Crit Care Med 1993:21; 1935-43.
|
| |
Jin LJ,
LaLonde C, Demling RH. Lung dysfunction after thermal injury in
relation to prostanoid and oxygen radial release. J Appl Physiol
1986: Jul; 61(1): 103-12.
|
| |
Stothert J,
Ashley K, Kramer G, et al. Intrapulmonary distribution of
bronchial blood flow after moderate smoke inhalation. J Appl
Physiol 1990:69; 1734-7.
|
| |
Navar P, Safflo J, Warden G. Effect of inhalation injury on fluid
resuscitation requirements after thermal injury. Am J Surg
1985:150; 716-20.
|
| |
Nieman G,
Clark W, Wax S, et al. The effect of smoke inhalation on
pulmonary surfactant. Ann Surg 1980:191; 171-181.
|
| |
Barnes P, Baraniuk J, Belvise M. Neuropeptides in the respiratory tract. Amer Rev Resp
Dis 1991:144; 1187-98.
|
| |
Traber L,
Herndon D. Peptide mediation of the bronchial blood flow elevation
following inhalation injury. Care Shock 1990:63; 107-11.
|
| |
Lundberg
S, Martling C. Cigarette smoking, induced airways edema due to
activation of capsaicin sensitive vagal afferents and substance P
release. Neuroscience 1983:10; 1361-8.
|
| |
Traber P, Shlag G, Redl H. Pulmonary edema and compliance changes following
smoke inhalation. J Burn Care Rehabil 1985:6; 490-4. |
| |
Demling R, LaLonde C. Initial effect of smoke inhalation injury on oxygen
consumption. Surgery 115:1994; 563-70. |
| |
LaLonde C,
Demling R. Increased early post burn fluid requirements and oxygen
demands are predictives of the degree of airways injury by smoke
inhalation. J Trauma 1995: 38; 175-184. |
| |
Demling,
R., LaLonde C. Effect of graded increases in smoke inhalation
injury on the early systemic response to a body burn. Crit Care
Med 1995: Jan; 23(1): 171-8.
|
| |
LaLonde C,
Demling R. Lung and systemic oxidant and antioxidant activity
after graded smoke exposure in the rat. Circ Shock 1994:42; 7-18.
|
| |
Muehlberger T, Kunar P, Munster A. Efficacy of fiberoptic
laryngoscopy in the diagnosis of inhalation injuries. Arch
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surgery 1978:123; 1003-7. |
| |
Lee MJ,
O’Connell DJ. The plain chest radiograph after acute smoke
inhalation. Clin Radiol
1988:39; 33-37.
|
| |
Wittram C,
Kenny JB. The admission chest radiograph after acute inhalation
injury and burns. Br J Radiol 1994:67; 751-754.
|
| |
Prater M, Deskin R. Bronchoscopy and laryngoscopy as indications for
tracheostomy in the burned child. Arch Otalaryngol Head, Neck
Surg 1998:123; 1115-7.
|
| |
Schuelen
S, Munster A. The parkland formula in patients with burns and
inhalation injury. J Trauma
1982:232; 869-71.
|
| |
Hughes K,
Armstrong R, Brough M, et al. Fluid requirements of patients with
burns and inhalation injuries in an intensive care unit. Intensive
Care Med 1989:15; 464-6.
|
| |
Venus B,
Matsuda T, Copioza J, et al. Prophylactic intubation and
continuous positive pressure in the management of inhalation
injury in burn victims. Crit Care Med 1981:9; 519-24.
|
| |
Sheridan R.
Airway management and respiratory care of the burn patient.
Int Anesthesiol
Clin 2000:38; 125-145.
|
| |
Nakae H,
Tanaka H, Inaba H. Failure to clear casts and secretions following
inhalation injury can be dangerous. Burns 2001:27; 189-91.
|
| |
Fitzpatrick J, Cioffi W. Diagnosis and treatment of inhalation
injury. In Total Burn Care, ed. Herndon
D, Saunders, N.Y. 2001, 0p 232.
|
| |
Komak J, Freije J, Campbell B. Causative and thermal epiglottitis in the
adult. Otolaryngol
Head Neck Surgery 1996:114; 810-812.
|
| |
Demling R,
Read T, Lind L, Flanagan H. Incidence and morbidity of extubation
failure in surgical intensive care patients. Crit Care Med
1988:16; 573-577.
|
| |
Colic G.
Long term respiratory complications of inhalation injury: in
Respiratory Injury, Smoke Inhalation and Burns., New York,
McGraw-Hill 1990, p 342.
|
| |
Demling R, LaLonde C. Oxygen consumption is increased in the post anesthesia
period after burn excision. J Burn Care Rehabil 1989:10; 381-387.
|
| |
MacLennan
N, Humbach D, Cullen B. Anesthesia for major thermal injury.
Anesthesiology 1998:88; 749-70.
|
| |
Park G,
Park J, Jeong D, Jeong S. Prolonged airway and systemic
inflammatory reactions after smoke inhalation. Chest 2003:123;
475-86.
|
| |
Santucci
S, Gobara S, Santos C et al. Infections in a burn intensive care
unit. J Hosp Infect
2003:53; 6-13.
|
| |
Serars T.
Pulmonary infections in the burn patient and their management. In
Respiratory Injury, Smoke Inhalation and Burns, ed. Haponik,
McGraw-Hill, N.Y., 1980 p 226.
|
| |
Chrysopoult M, Barrow R, Muller M et al. Chest radiographic
appearances in severely burned adults: a comparison of early
radiographic and extravascular lung thermal volume changes. J Burn Care
Rehabil 2001:22; 104-110.
|
| |
Stenton S,
Kelly C, Walters E, Hendrick D. Induction of bronchial
hyperresponsiveness following smoke inhalation injury. Br J Dis
Chest 1988:82; 136-8.
|
| |
Murakami
K, Traber D. Pathophysiological basis of smoke inhalation injury. News Physiol
Sci 2003:18; 125-9.
|
| |
Hollingsed
T, Saffle J, Briton R, et al. Etiology and consequences of
respiratory failure in thermally injured patients. Am J Surg
1993:166; 592-596.
|
| |
Micak R,
Herndon D. Respiratory Care in Total Burn Care., ed Herndon D,
Saunders N.Y., 2002, p 242.
|
| |
Oldenberg
F, Dolovich M, Montgomery J, et al. Effects of postural drainage,
exercise and cough on mucous clearance in chronic bronchitis. Am
Rev Resp Dis 1979:12; 730-747.
|
| |
Palmeiri
T, Jackson W, Greenhalgh D. Benefits of early tracheostomy in
severe burned children. Crit Care Med 2002:309; 22-4.
|
| |
Demling
RH. Pulmonary edema: pathophysiology6, methods of measurement and
clinical importance in acute respiratory failure. New Horizons
Crit Care Med 1993:1; 371-80.
|
| |
Demling RH.
Care of geriatric patients. In Total Burn Care, ed. Herndon D. Saunders N.Y., 2002, p 439.
|
| |
Demling R,
Harris B, Kramer G, Gunther R. Acute versus sustained
hypoproteinemia and post traumatic pulmonary edema. Surgery
1982:92; 29-86. |
| |
Cumming J,
Purdue G, Hunt J, O’Keefe G. Objective estimates of the incidence
and consequence of multiple organ dysfunction and sepsis after
burn trauma.J Trauma 2001:50; 510-5. |
| |
Ilne E, Pistoleser M, Miniati M, et al. The radiologic distinction of
cardiac and noncardiogenic edema. Am J Radiol 1985:144; 1-6. |
| |
Braques L.
The lung of the thermally injured patient. Rev Pract 2002:52;
2253-7.
|
| |
Gupta G,
Bang R, Ebrahim M. Radiological manifestation of pulmonary
complications in deceased intensive care burn patients. Burns
2003:1; 73-8.
|
| |
Darling G, Keresteci M, Ibanez D, et al. Pulmonary complications in inhalation
injuries with associated cutaneous burn. J Trauma 1996:40; 83-9. |
| |
De La Cal
M, Cerda F, von Sadni H. Pneumonia in patients with severe burns: a
classification according to the concept of a carrier state. Chest
2001:119; 1160-5. |
| |
Rue L, Cioffi W, Mason A, et al. The risk of pneumonia in thermally
injured patients requiring
ventilatory support. J Burn Care Rehabil 1995:15; 262-8. |
| |
Wilkinson R,
Fishman J. Effect of thermal injury with pseudomonas auginosa
infection on
pulmonary and
systemic bacterial clearance. J Trauma 1999:47; 912-7.
|
| |
Pugen L, et
al. Oropharyngeal decontamination decreases incidence of
ventilator-associated pneumonia; a randomized placebo controlled
double blind clinical trial.
JAMA
1996:265; 2704-2710.
|
| |
Chastre J, et
al. Ventilator-associated pneumonia. Amer J Resp Crit Care Med
2002:165; (2) 867-915. |
| |
Livingston D.
Prevention of ventilator associated pneumonia. Am J Surg 2002:179;
12-17.
|
| |
Rouby J.
Nosocomial bronchopneumonia in the critically ill. Am Rev
Resp Dis 1992:146; 1059-1066. |
| |
Ibrahim E, et
al. A comparative analysis of patients with early onset versus
late onset nosocomial pneumonia in the ICU setting. Chest
2000:117; 1434-1442.
|
| |
Demling R,
Wolfort S. Early post-operative pneumonia. In Surgical Infections,
ed. Meakins J. Scientific American Publ. 1994, p 235.
|
| |
Sheridan R,
Ryan C, Yin L, et al. Death in the burn unit: sterile
multiple organ failure. Burns 1998:24; 307-11. |
| |
Davis K,
Santaniello J, He L, et al. Burn injury and pulmonary sepsis:
development of a clinically relevant model. J Trauma 2004:56;
272-8. |
| |
Munster A.
The immunological response and strategies for intervention. In
Total Burn Care, ed. Herndon D., Saunders, N.Y. 2002, -p 316.
|
| |
Kollef M.
The prevention of ventilator associated pneumonia. 1999:340;
627-37.
|
| |
Fabian T.
Empiric therapy for pneumonia in the surgical intensive care unit. Am J Surg
2000: 179; 18-25. |
| |
Ramzy P,
Herndon D, Wolf S, Heggars J. Comparison of organisms found by
bronchoalveolar lavage and quantitative wound culture in severely
burned children. Arch Surg 1998:133; 1275-8.
|
| |
Kolief M.
Ventilator associated pneumonia: the importance of initial empiric
antibiotic selection. Infect Med 2000:17; 265-8.
|
| |
Heggars J, Hawksins N, Edgar P, et al. Treatment of Infections in Burns. In
Total Burn Care, ed Herndon D, Saunders, N.Y. 2002, p 120. |
| |
Sherwood
E, Traber D. The systemic inflammatory response. In Total Burn
Care, ed. Herndon
D. Saunders, Philadelphia 2002, p 257. |
| |
Demling R, Sugne P. Metabolic management of patients with severe burns. World J Surg
2002:24; 673-80. |
| |
Tredget E,
Yu Y. The metabolic effects of thermal injury. World J Surg
1992:16; 68-79.
|
| |
Bessey P, Jiang Z, Johnson D et al. Postraumatic skeletal muscle
proteolysis: the role of the hormonal environment. World J Surg
1989:13; 465-70.
|
| |
Clayton
M, Solem L, Ahrenholz D. Pulmonary failure in geriatric patients
with burns: the
need for a diagnosis related group modifier. J Burn Care Rehabil
1995:16; 451-4. |
| |
Hard D,
Wolfe S, Micak R, et al. Persistence of muscle catabolism after
severe burn injury. Surgery 2000: 128,
312-9. |
| |
Newscome
T, Mason A, Pruitt B. Weight loss following thermal injury. Ann Surg
1973:178; 215-7. |
| |
Demling
R, DeSanti L. The beneficial effects of the anabolic steroid
oxandrolone in the geriatric burn population. Wounds 2003:15;
54-60.
|
| |
Keiski R, Takala. Hypermetabolism and efficiency of Co2 removal
in acute respiratory failure. Chest 1994:105; 1198-203. |
| |
Lentz C,
Peterson W. Smoke inhalation is a multilevel insult to the
pulmonary system. Curr Open
Pulm Med 1997:3; 221-6. |
| |
Sheridan
R, Kaemarek R, McEttrick M et al. Permissive hypercapnia as a
ventilatory strategy in burned children. J Trauma 1995:39; 854-9.
|
| |
Desai M, Micak P. Reduction in mortality in pediatric patients with
inhalation injury using aerosolized heparin and acetylcysteine
therapy. J Burn Care Rehab 1998:19; 210-12.
|
| |
Demling
RH. Effect of early burn excision and grafting on pulmonary
function. J Trauma
1984:24; 830-4. |
| |
Marcus R,
van der Walt J, Pettifer R. Pulmonary volume recruitment restores
pulmonary compliance and resistance in anesthetized young
children. Pediatr Anesth 2002:12; 579-84.
|
| |
Sessler
R, Rehder K, Sessler A, Marsh H. General anesthesia and the lung. Am Rec Resp
Dis 1975:112; 541-63. |
| |
Tokus L, Strandberg A, Brismar B, et al. Computerized tomography of the
chest and gas exchanged measurements during ketamine anesthesia.
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 1987:8; 685-92.
|
| |
Bruandet
N, Quintin L. Systemic acidosis after controlled hypertension
activates catechol activity in the vasomotor center. J Appl
Physiol 1994:76; 21594-601.
|
| |
Demling
R, LaLonde C. Respiratory function. In Burn Trauma, ed. Demling
R. Thieme
Publisher, N.Y. 1989, p 259. |
| |
Rochester
D, Truwit J. Respiratory muscle failure in critical illness. In
Textbook of Critical Care., ed W. Shoemaker, Saunders, N.Y. 1995,
p 637.
|
| |
Jordim J, Farkas G, et al. The failing iinspiratory muscles under normoxic
and hypoxic conditions. Ann Rev Resp Dis 1981:124; 274-279. |
| |
Juan G, Calverley P, Talamo C et al. Effect of carbon dioxide on
diaphragmatic function in humans. N Engl J Med 1984:310; 874-879.
|
| |
Kreit J,
Rogers R. The work of breathing. In Textbook of Critical Care.,
ed. W. Shoemaker, Saunders, N.Y. 1995, p 643.
|
| |
Demling
RH. The modern version of adult respiratory distress syndrome. In Ann Rev
Medicine 1995:46; 193-202. |
| |
Demling
RH, Chen C. Pulmonary function in the burn patient. Semin Nephrol
1993:371-381. |
| |
Hollingsed T, Saffle J, Barton R, et al. Etiology and
consequences of respiratory failure in thermally injured patients.
Am J Surg 1993:166; 592-6. |
| |
Ware L, Matthay M. The acute respiratory distress syndrome. N Engl J Med
2000:342, 1334-42. |
| |
Shanna S, Kimar A, Septic shock. Multiple organ failure and acute
respiratory distress syndrome. Curr Opin pulm Med 2003:9; 199-209.
|
| |
Bhatia M, Moochhala S. Role of inflammatory mediators in the pathophysiology
of acute respiratory distress syndrome. J Path 2004:202; 145-56.
|
| |
Cone J,
Wallace B, Lubansky H, Caldwell F. Manipulation of the
inflammatory response to burn injury. J Trauma 1997:43; 41-5. |
| |
Dancy P,
Hayes J, Gomez M et al. ARDS in patients with thermal injury. Intensiv Care
Med *1999:25; 1231-6. |
| |
Demling
R, LaLonde C. Early burn excision attenuates the post burn lung
and systemic response to endotoxin. Surgery 1970; 108; 28-32.
|
| |
Cartotte
R, Cooper A, Esmond J et al. Early clinical experience with high
frequency oscillatory ventilation for ARDS in adult burn patients.
J Burn Care Rehab 2001:22; 323-25.
|
|
|
Matthay
M, Zimmerman G, Esmon C et al. Future research directions in acute
lung injury: summary of a National Heart, Lung, Blood Institute
working group. Am J Respir
Crit Care Med 2003:167; 1027-35. |
|
|
Steinbrook R. How best to ventilate? Trial design and patient
safety in studies of the acute respiratory distress syndrome. N Engl J Med 2003:348; 13293-401. |